The "Top Ten Scientific Advances in China for 2023" have been announced, covering major scientific fields such as life sciences and medicine, artificial intelligence, quantum physics, astronomy, and chemical energy. These include breakthroughs in precise weather forecasting through large AI models, insights into the mechanisms by which human genome dark matter drives aging, and the discovery of a tangible biological clock in the brain. The event, organized by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, was determined through votes from over 2,100 high-level experts, following a rigorous process of nomination, preliminary selection, final selection, and review, from over 600 scientific research achievements, ultimately selecting 10 significant scientific research achievements.